The hazards of manure not being fermented and mature:

1. Infectious pests: Manure contains Escherichia coli, nematodes and other pests and diseases that cause soil-borne diseases and even large-scale infectious diseases.

2. Burning seedlings: After the unfermented raw manure and other organic materials are applied to the land, when the fermentation conditions are met, they ferment under the activity of microorganisms. When the fermentation site is close to the roots and the crop plants are small, the heat generated by the fermentation will affect the growth of crops, burn or affect the growth of crop roots, resulting in yellowing of leaves, small and shrunken leaf stems, and even dead seedlings, which will lead to the harm of reduced yield or even total crop failure.

3. Odor: During the decomposition process, gases such as methane and ammonia are produced, which cause the soil and crops to produce acid and damage the crop roots.

The benefits of decomposed manure are:

1. It produces a variety of enzymes, which can reduce the reduction in production caused by continuous cropping;

2. It contains beneficial microbial flora, which can activate nitrogen in the air, release phosphorus and potassium nutrients, and supplement soil organic matter;

3. The soil is loose and easy to cultivate;

4. The roots absorb nutrients comprehensively, and the appearance, nutritional content, and taste of the fruits are remarkable. The use of organic fertilizers can magnify the fertilizer effect and significantly increase production.